开始
最近整理了一下在安卓系统下使用蓝牙收发数据的代码。蓝牙的操作，类似于网络socket的
使用。
首先我们需要获取蓝牙适配器，也就是BluetoothAdapter,通过BluetoothAdapter对蓝牙
进行操作。
流程如下：
获取BluetoothAdapter----->打开蓝牙------->搜索蓝牙设备------>绑定------>建立连接----
--->收发数据（通信）----->断开连接------>关闭蓝牙
完整代码地址
https://github.com/huijizyf/bluetoothchat.git
界面效果
关键代码
package com.donute.bluetoothchat;
import android.app.ProgressDialog;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothServerSocket;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothSocket;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.text.TextUtils;
import android.text.method.ScrollingMovementMethod;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.TextView;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.text.DateFormat;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.UUID;
import butterknife.Bind;
import butterknife.ButterKnife;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener, AdapterView.OnItemClickListener {
/**
* ******************************************控件定义******************************************
*/
@Bind(R.id.btn_open_bluetooth_intent)
Button btnOpenBluetoothIntent;
@Bind(R.id.btn_open_bluetooth_silence)
Button getBtnOpenBluetoothSilence;
@Bind(R.id.lv_blue_devices_list)
ListView lvDevicesList;
@Bind(R.id.tv_data_received)
TextView tvDataReceived;
@Bind(R.id.et_data_to_send)
EditText etDataToSend;
@Bind(R.id.btn_send_data)
Button btnSendData;
@Bind(R.id.btn_close_bluetooth)
Button btnCloseBluetooth;
@Bind(R.id.btn_search_devices)
Button btnSearchDevices;
@Bind(R.id.btn_open_bluetooth_service)
Button btnOpenService;
@Bind(R.id.btn_bluetooth_disconnect)
Button btnDisconnect;
/**
******************************************变量声明*********************************************
*/
private BluetoothAdapter mAdapter; //蓝牙适配器
private static final int REQUEST_CODE=1001; //请求码，自定义整数即可
private BluetoothServerSocket serverSocket; //服务端连接套接字
private BluetoothSocket clienSocket; //客户端套接字
private List<BluetoothDevice> deviceList; //扫描接收到的蓝牙设备
private DeviceViewAdapter viewAdapter; //ListView的数据适配器
private BluetoothSocket socket; //服务端套接字
private static final UUID uuid=UUID.fromString("00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB");
private int type=0; //当前连接类型 1为服务端 2为客户端
private DateFormat format;
private ProgressDialog progressDialog;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
ButterKnife.bind(this);
init();
}
/**
* 初始化
*/
private void init() {
//设置TextView允许滚动
tvDataReceived.setMovementMethod(ScrollingMovementMethod.getInstance());
//获取蓝牙适配器
mAdapter= BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
if (mAdapter==null){
TipManager.showDialog(this,"提示","当前设备不支持蓝牙");
}
//日期字符串格式化
format=new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
//将已经绑定的设备加入列表中
deviceList=new ArrayList<>(mAdapter.getBondedDevices());
viewAdapter=new DeviceViewAdapter(this,deviceList);
//给ListView设置数据适配器
lvDevicesList.setAdapter(viewAdapter);
//设置ListView点击事件处理
lvDevicesList.setOnItemClickListener(this);
//注册广播接收，会接收到开始扫描，扫描到设备，介绍扫描 三个事件，事件交由mReceiver处理
IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter();
filter.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);
filter.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_STARTED);
filter.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED);
registerReceiver(mReceiver, filter);
//等待进度Dialog
progressDialog=new ProgressDialog(this);
progressDialog.setTitle("请稍等");
progressDialog.setMessage("正在扫描蓝牙设备，请稍等...");
progressDialog.setCancelable(false);
//设置点击事件处理
btnOpenBluetoothIntent.setOnClickListener(this);
getBtnOpenBluetoothSilence.setOnClickListener(this);
btnSendData.setOnClickListener(this);
btnCloseBluetooth.setOnClickListener(this);
btnSearchDevices.setOnClickListener(this);
btnOpenService.setOnClickListener(this);
btnDisconnect.setOnClickListener(this);
}
/**
* 点击事件处理
* @param v
*/
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
switch (v.getId()){
case R.id.btn_open_bluetooth_intent:
Intent enabler = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);
startActivityForResult(enabler, REQUEST_CODE); //调用系统弹框开启蓝牙
break;
case R.id.btn_open_bluetooth_silence:
mAdapter.enable();//静默方式开启蓝牙
break;
case R.id.btn_send_data:
sendData(); //发送数据
break;
case R.id.btn_close_bluetooth:
mAdapter.disable(); //关闭蓝牙
break;
case R.id.btn_search_devices:
if (mAdapter.isDiscovering()){ //开始扫描蓝牙，如果已经正在扫描了，则不继续执行
return;
}
deviceList.clear();
mAdapter.startDiscovery();
break;
case R.id.btn_open_bluetooth_service:
startServer("my-service"); //开启服务端
break;
case R.id.btn_bluetooth_disconnect:
disconnect(); //断开连接
break;
}
}
private void disconnect() {
//根据当前类型断开连接
switch (type){
case 1: //作为服务端
try {
if (socket.isConnected())
socket.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
break;
case 2: //作为客户端
try {
if (clienSocket.isConnected())
clienSocket.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
break;
}
}
/**
* 发送数据
*/
private void sendData(){
Thread sendThread=new Thread(){
@Override
public void run() {
super.run();
final String msg=etDataToSend.getText().toString();
if (TextUtils.isEmpty(msg)){
runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
TipManager.showDialog(MainActivity.this,"提示","内容为空，不能发送数据");
}
});
return;
}
OutputStream os = null;
try {
switch (type){
case 1:
if (socket!=null)
os=socket.getOutputStream();
break;
case 2:
if (clienSocket!=null)
os=clienSocket.getOutputStream();
break;
default:
runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
TipManager.showDialog(MainActivity.this,"提示","还未建立连接，或者连接错误，不能发送数据");
}
});
break;
}
if (os != null) {
//向输出流写入数据
os.write(msg.getBytes("utf-8"));
tvDataReceived.post(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
//在UI线程操作界面，将发送的消息显示到界面，同时清空消息输入框
String m=tvDataReceived.getText().toString();
m=m+format.format(new Date())+"\t"+"发送："+msg+"\n";
tvDataReceived.setText(m);
etDataToSend.setText("");
}
});
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
};
sendThread.start();
}
@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
//界面销毁时解除广播接收器的注册
unregisterReceiver(mReceiver);
}
//定义广播接收器，接收与蓝牙相关的系统广播
BroadcastReceiver mReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
String action = intent.getAction();
//找到设备
if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)) {
BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
if (device.getBondState()==BluetoothDevice.BOND_NONE){
deviceList.add(device);
progressDialog.setMessage("正在扫描，已经扫描到设备数量："+deviceList.size());
viewAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
}
}
//扫描完成
else if (BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED.equals(action)) {
progressDialog.dismiss();
TipManager.showDialog(MainActivity.this,"提示","蓝牙设备扫描完成，总共扫描到蓝牙设备数量："+deviceList.size());
//开始扫描
}else if (BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_STARTED.equals(action)){
TipManager.showToast(MainActivity.this,"开始扫描设备");
progressDialog.show();
}
}
};
/**
* 开启服务端
*/
private void startServer(final String name){
Thread serverThread=new Thread(){
@Override
public void run() {
super.run();
try {
type=1;
serverSocket = mAdapter. listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord(name,uuid);
socket=serverSocket.accept(); //等待服务端连接，accept函数为阻塞函数，会等待到有客户端连接成功后才会继续执行
InputStream is = socket.getInputStream();//客户端连接成功，获取输入流
while(true) { //从输入流读取数据
byte[] buffer =new byte[1024];
int count = is.read(buffer);
final String s= new String(buffer, 0, count, "utf-8");
tvDataReceived.post(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
//在UI线程操作界面，将接收到的消息显示到界面
String msg=tvDataReceived.getText().toString();
msg=msg+format.format(new Date())+"\t"+"接收："+s+"\n";
tvDataReceived.setText(msg);
}
});
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
};
serverThread.start();
}
/**
* 连接到服务端
*/
private void connectServer(final BluetoothDevice device){
final ProgressDialog dialog=new ProgressDialog(this);
dialog.setTitle("请稍等");
dialog.setMessage("正在连接");
Thread connectThread=new Thread(){
public void run(){
super.run();
try {
type=2;
clienSocket=device.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(uuid);
clienSocket.connect();
lvDevicesList.post(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
dialog.dismiss();
TipManager.showDialog(MainActivity.this,"提示","连接成功，现在可以发送数据了");
startReceive();//连接到服务端成功，开启接收线程
}
});
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
};
dialog.show();
connectThread.start();
}
private void startReceive(){
Thread receiveThread=new Thread(){
@Override
public void run() {
super.run();
try {
InputStream is=clienSocket.getInputStream();
if (is!=null){
while(true) {
byte[] buffer =new byte[1024];
int count = is.read(buffer);
final String s= new String(buffer, 0, count, "utf-8");
tvDataReceived.post(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
//在UI线程操作界面，将接收到的消息显示到界面
String msg=tvDataReceived.getText().toString();
msg=msg+format.format(new Date())+"\t"+"接收："+s+"\n";
tvDataReceived.setText(msg);
}
});
}
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
};
receiveThread.start();
}
@Override
public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {
BluetoothDevice device= (BluetoothDevice) viewAdapter.getItem(position);
connectServer(device);
}
}